When it comes to roofing materials, there is often confusion surrounding terms like “roofing felt” and “tar paper.” Many homeowners and even some professionals use these terms interchangeably, but are they actually the same? This article delves into the similarities and differences between roofing felt and tar paper, exploring their composition, uses, advantages, and disadvantages.
Understanding Roofing Felt
What is Roofing Felt?
Roofing felt is a type of underlayment material used in the construction of roofs. It is typically made from a base material, usually a blend of organic fibers, polyester, or fiberglass, which is then saturated with bitumen (asphalt). This saturation process gives roofing felt its waterproofing properties and durability.
Types of Roofing Felt
- Organic Roofing Felt: Made from cellulose (wood) fibers and saturated with asphalt. It is less common today due to environmental concerns and the availability of better alternatives.
- Fiberglass Roofing Felt: Made from a fiberglass base, which is more resistant to tearing and less absorbent than organic felt. This type is more common in modern roofing applications.
Uses of Roofing Felt
Roofing felt is primarily used as an underlayment beneath various types of roofing materials such as shingles, tiles, and metal roofs. It acts as a secondary barrier against water infiltration, protecting the roof deck and the interior of the building from moisture damage.
Advantages of Roofing Felt
- Waterproofing: Provides an extra layer of protection against water infiltration.
- Breathability: Allows moisture from inside the attic to escape, reducing the risk of mold and rot.
- Compatibility: Suitable for use with various roofing materials.
- Cost-Effective: Generally affordable and easy to install.
Disadvantages of Roofing Felt
- Durability: Can deteriorate over time, especially when exposed to prolonged moisture or extreme weather conditions.
- Weight: Heavier than some other underlayment options, which can add to the overall weight of the roofing system.
- Environmental Impact: Traditional felt made from organic materials can be less environmentally friendly.
Exploring Tar Paper
What is Tar Paper?
Tar paper is another type of underlayment material used in roofing and sometimes in wall construction. Like roofing felt, it is made from a base material, usually paper or fiberglass, which is then saturated with tar (a byproduct of coal production) or asphalt. The term “tar paper” is often used interchangeably with roofing felt, but there are distinct differences.
Types of Tar Paper
- Asphalt-Saturated Paper: Similar to roofing felt but typically made with a paper base saturated with asphalt. It is less durable and less commonly used today.
- Fiberglass Tar Paper: Made from a fiberglass base and saturated with asphalt or tar. This type is more durable and commonly used in modern construction.
Uses of Tar Paper
Tar paper is used as an underlayment for roofing materials, providing a moisture barrier and additional protection for the roof deck. It is also used in wall construction as a weather-resistant barrier.
Advantages of Tar Paper
- Water Resistance: Offers good protection against water infiltration.
- Affordability: Generally inexpensive and readily available.
- Ease of Installation: Simple to work with and install.
Disadvantages of Tar Paper
- Durability: Less durable compared to modern synthetic underlayments.
- Breathability: Less breathable than some other underlayment materials, which can trap moisture.
- Environmental Concerns: The use of tar can raise environmental and health concerns.
Comparing Roofing Felt and Tar Paper
Composition and Manufacturing
Both roofing felt and tar paper are made from base materials saturated with bitumen (asphalt) or tar. However, roofing felt typically uses more advanced materials such as fiberglass, which enhances its durability and performance. Tar paper, especially the traditional type made from paper and tar, is generally less durable.
Performance and Durability
Roofing felt, especially fiberglass-based felt, tends to be more durable and resistant to tearing and weathering compared to traditional tar paper. Modern roofing felt also offers better breathability, which helps in preventing moisture buildup and mold growth.
Waterproofing and Protection
Both materials provide effective waterproofing as underlayment for roofing systems. However, roofing felt often offers better overall performance due to its enhanced durability and resistance to the elements.
Environmental Impact
Traditional tar paper made from paper and tar has a higher environmental impact compared to modern roofing felt. Fiberglass roofing felt is more environmentally friendly and offers better performance, making it a more sustainable choice.
Cost and Availability
Both roofing felt and tar paper are affordable and widely available. The choice between the two often comes down to specific project requirements and personal preference. Modern roofing felt tends to be slightly more expensive than traditional tar paper but offers better performance and longevity.
Modern Alternatives to Roofing Felt and Tar Paper
Synthetic Underlayments
In recent years, synthetic underlayments have gained popularity as alternatives to traditional roofing felt and tar paper. These materials are made from polypropylene or polyethylene and offer superior performance in terms of durability, waterproofing, and breathability.
Advantages of Synthetic Underlayments
- Lightweight: Easier to handle and install.
- Durable: Resistant to tearing, weathering, and UV exposure.
- Breathable: Allows moisture to escape while preventing water infiltration.
- Environmentally Friendly: Often made from recyclable materials.
Disadvantages of Synthetic Underlayments
- Cost: More expensive than traditional felt or tar paper.
- Availability: May not be as readily available in all regions.
